A Chronology of Events in the Eastern Roman Empire
- 476: End of Roman Empire in the West
- 493-526: Reign of Theodoric in Italy
- 518: Accession of Justin I
- 527: Accession of Justinian I
- 533-34: Belisarius reconquers Africa from Vangals
- 535-40: Belisarius reconquers most of Italy from Ostrogoths
- 542: Plague in Constantinople
- 552-53: Final defeat of Ostrogoths by Narses
- 577: Invasion of the Balkans by Avars and Slavs begins
- 610: Accession of Heraclius
- 614-19: Persians conquer Syria, Palestine and Egypt
- 622: Mohammed flees Mecca to Medina. Heraclius begins campaign against Persia
- 626: Siege of Constantinople by Persians and Avars
- 627: Heraclius defeats Persians at Nineveh
- 636-46: Arabs occupy Syria, Palestine and Egypt and overrun Persian Empire
- 647: First Arab invasion of Asia Minor
- 674-78: Siege of Constantinople by Arabs
- 681: Foundation of Bulgarian state
- 711: Arab conquest of North Africa complete
- 717-18: Second siege of Constantinople by Arabs
- 726-87: First period of Iconoclasm
- 756-75: War between Byzantium and Bulgaria
- 811: Nicephorus I defeated and killed by Bulgarians
- 813-43: Second period of Iconoclasm
- 827: Arabs occupy Crete
- 864: Conversion of Bulgaria to the Greek-Orthodox faith
- 912-22: War between Byzantium and Bulgaria
- 923-44: Victorious campaigns of John Kurkuas against Arabs
- 961: Crete reconquered from Arabs
- 990-1019: Conquest of Bulgaria by Basil II
- 1022: Annexation of Armenia complete
- 1054: Schism between Eastern (Greek) and Western (Latin) Churches
- 1055: Seljuq Turks take Baghdad
- 1071: Seljuq Turks defeat and capture Romanus IV and overrun much of Asia Minor. Bari captured by Normans
- 1082: Alexius I grants trading privileges to Venice
- 1097: First crusade
- 1133-43: Victorious campaigns of John I in Cilicia and Syria
- 1147: Second Crusade. Normans capture Corfu, Corinth and Thebes
- 1155: Successful Byzantine campaign in Italy
- 1176: Seljuq victory at Myriokephalon
- 1182: Massacre of Latins in Constantinople
- 1185: Normans capture and sack Thessaloniki
- 1204: Capture of Constantinople by Fourth Crusade and establishment of Latin Empire
- 1259: Nicaean Army defeats Latins and Epirots at Pelagonia
- 1261: Recapture of Constantinople by Nicaean force and end of Latin Empire
- 1274: Council of Lyons. Michael VIII accepts church union
- 1282: Sicilian Vespers: defeat of Charles of Anjou
- 1308: Ottoman Turks take Ephesus
- 1321-28: Civil war between Andronicus II and Andronicus III
- 1329: Turks take Nicaea
- 1337: Turks take Nicomedia
- 1341-47: Civil war between John V and John Cantacuzenus
- 1347: The Black Death
- 1354: Turks take Gallipoli
- 1365: Turks establish their capital at Adrianople
- 1376-79: Civil war in Byzantium
- 1387: Thessaloniki surrenders to Turks
- 1393: End of Bulgarian state. Turks Occupy Thessalia
- 1396: Defeat of crusaders at Nicopolis
- 1397: Manuel Chrysoloras begins teaching Greek in Florence
- 1397-1402: Siege of Constantinople by Sultan Bajezid
- 1422: Murad besieges Constantinople
- 1430: Turks recapture Thessaloniki
- 1439: Council of Florence proclaims Church union
- 1444: Turks defeat Hungarians and crusaders at Varna
- 1453: Turks take Constantinople on May 29. Death of last emperor Constantine XI Palaeologus
- 1460: Turks take Mistra
- 1461: Turks take Trebizonda
Compiled by Nikolaos Provatas. Source, R. Browning.